THE PHILOSOPHY OF KNOWLEDGE: KNOWLEDGE VS BELIEF (part 2)

ARGUMENT: A PROOF OF KNOWLEDGE? Arguments are connected beliefs or statements. How they are structured is very important. Cogent argument follows a particular structure, so it’s usually easy to tell if you are listening to one or not. The logical structure of an argument is pretty simple, but very powerful. We gather things that we know or things that we think might be true, about an issue. We then try and put these things together in a coherent way so that they may lead us to a conclusion. The things that we think might be true are called PREMISES. We list these in a way that makes sense. The conclusion is the end point of our reasoning – at least of that particular argument. But then, going through the premises to the conclusion is called INFERRING. Being able to recognise and produce good arguments is a matter of understanding how some ideas (premises) support other ideas (conclusion). An argument is valid if the form of the argument is such that if the premises ...